ABSTRACT
Background: Intern doctors should have knowledge about reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of ADR reporting of intern doctors of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational, and questionnaire-based study was conducted after approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Pretested and validated questionnaires consisting of 10 questions about ADR reporting were administered to 40 interns. The filled questionnaires were collected and analyzed on Microsoft Excel sheet. Results: About 40% of intern doctors were aware about drugs banned due to ADRs. About 15% intern doctors witnessed adverse drug events during their clinical posting. All the interns were aware that ADRs can be reported by medical practitioners. About 63% interns were of the opinion that all ADRs should be reported. The main barriers for ADR reporting seemed to be lack of information about where to report (67.5%) and how to report (60%). About 52.5% interns believed that managing patient was more important than reporting ADRs and reporting causes patient confidentiality issues. Conclusions: The intern doctors are not well versed in ADR reporting and require more training.
ABSTRACT
Background: Viva voce examination is an integral part of our assessment system. The traditional viva examination can be unstructured one. It is, therefore, essential to explore new assessment methods, which are objective, reliable, and valid. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was (1) to compare objective structured viva voce examination (OSVVE) with traditional viva voce examination (TVVE) as assessment methods and (2). to study the perception of students’ regarding objective structured viva examination as a tool of assessment. Material and Methods: Quasi-experimental education project, to compare OSVVE with traditional viva voce. Two viva sessions conducted; course content for both the sessions was different. Marks allotted for both the viva voce was 10. Students assigned to four groups. For OSVVE, two sets of questionnaires were prepared for two sessions, each having ten questions with increasing difficulty levels and validated by subject experts; 10 min allotted for each student. Feedback of students at the end of both viva sessions obtained about the OSVVE. Statistical analysis: Non-parametric test Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired sample t-test. Results: There was significant difference observed between marks obtained in both the formats. Majority of students strongly agree and agree with OSVVE in terms of easy to understand questions (95%), well organized system (90%), time allotted was adequate (82.5%), and cover most of topics (77.5%). While 62% of the students responded that, it will be included in formative assessment. Conclusions: The study showed positive perception toward OSVVE in terms of its acceptability as an assessment tool.
ABSTRACT
Background: Present status of pharmacovigilance is not satisfactory in India due to underreporting of adverse drug reactions which may be due to shortcomings of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward pharmacovigilance among health professionals. Best time to inculcate this is during their undergraduate studies. Aim and Objectives: The study amis to evaluate KAP of undergraduate medical students and compare the results. Materials and Methods: pharmacovigilance KAP-based preformed questionnaire containing 23 questions was answered by second, pre-final and final year MBBS students of our tertiary care teaching hospital. Data obtained was analyzed statistically. Analysis was done by calculating mean score in each year and compared between respective MBBS years. Level of significance was assessed by Kruskal Wallis test. Results: Total 219 students participated in the study among which 93 were from second year (3rd term), 74 were from pre-final year and 52 were from final year MBBS. Mean score of second year, pre-final year, and final year for knowledge was (4.12, 5.34, 6.06), for attitude was (6.90, 6.99, 6.35) and for practice was (1.16, 1.55, 2.62). Statistically significant difference is seen between knowledge and practice, while attitude difference is not significant. Conclusion: Students have relatively better attitude but limited knowledge and less practice for pharmacovigilance.
ABSTRACT
Background: Promotional drug literature (PDL) seems to be the source of information most commonly used by physicians to update their knowledge on existing and new drugs. Aim and Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of resident doctors about PDL. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational, questionnaire-based study. Approved by institutional Ethics committee. A pre-validated questionnaire (google form) was sent among the resident doctors. A total of 50 residents voluntarily participated in the study. The collected data were analyzed as frequencies and percentage. Results: About 88% of residents were aware about term PDL. Only 50% resident doctors felt that PDL provides adequate drug information. Around 78% participants were aware that both forms of nomenclature should be included in PDL. Almost 92% participants had knowledge regarding complete drug information in PDL. Regarding safety information, 70% resident doctors felt that contraindication should be included in PDL. About 48% participants agreed that PDL might influence prescribing practice. Around 78% participants agreed that doctors’ integrity could compromised by accepting gifts from pharmaceutical representative. Conclusion: However, participants had knowledge about PDL but there is a need to educate students at an early stage about ethical guidelines for assessing PDL.